• In our studies of leucine and BCH in pancreatic

  2023-10-25

  

  In our studies of leucine and BCH in pancreatic islets and clonal insulin cell lines, we noticed that leucine was a slightly stronger stimulant of insulin release. Previous studies showed that leucine can be metabolized to CO2[11], [12], [13], [14] and can increase acetoacetate in pancreatic islets

• Comparison of the GLUT positive plus ACLY negative

  2023-10-25

  

  Comparison of the GLUT1-positive plus ACLY negative group with the GLUT1-negative plus ACLY positive group indicated no significant difference with respect to disease-free survival and overall survival. However, some obvious differences in histological types were found in their formation. A previous

• br Results br Discussion Both ATM and ATR

  2023-10-25

  

  Results Discussion Both ATM and ATR are key regulators of the cellular response to DSBs, yet how exactly they function in concert is not well understood. Recent studies revealed that ATM is required for the resection of DSBs (Jazayeri et al., 2006, Myers and Cortez, 2006), a process necessary

• br Materials and methods br Results

  2023-10-25

  

  Materials and methods Results and discussion During recent years, recombinant ASK1 has been obtained by expensive baculovirus-insect cell NPPB systems [20], [27]. In the present study, we constructed recombinant ASK1 and expressed in active form at high level in E. coli. Human ASK1 catalytic

• NOS is classified into three isoforms endothelial eNOS neuro

  2023-10-25

  

  NOS is classified into three isoforms: endothelial (eNOS), neuronal (nNOS), and inducible (iNOS), iNOS is expressed in macrophages (Eisenstein, Huang, Meissler Jr, & al-Ramadi, 1994) and osteoblast-like cells (Riancho et al., 1995) and is involved in the regulation of inflammatory reactions (Eisenst

• br Materials and methods br Results br Discussion Pulmonary

  2023-10-25

  

  Materials and methods Results Discussion Pulmonary fibrosis is a progressive and chronic lung disease and its typical features include 5ht receptors proliferation, epithelial injury, chronic interstitial inflammation, increased extracellular matrix (ECM) production, and collapse of alveoli,

• Angiogenesis is a process of

  2023-10-25

  

  Angiogenesis is a process of formation of new vessels from arterial vascularization created by endothelial cells. It is essential for the continuous growth of the tumor because it supplies the tumor with nutrients and oxygen, and eliminates cellular waste, which can be toxic to cancer cells [8]. Inf

• AR is an enzyme involved in conversion

  2023-10-25

  

  AR is an enzyme involved in conversion of glucose into sorbitol using NADPH as a cofactor [46]. This AR polyol pathway generates sorbitol accumulation and NADPH depletion. NADPH participates in detoxification via glutathione (GSH) reductase pathway [47]. Therefore, reduction of NADPH attenuates remo

• The disease stimulatory effects of hyperadiponectinemia

  2023-10-25

  

  The disease-stimulatory effects of hyperadiponectinemia in patients contradict a previous view based on studies of preclinical models showing that APN might be beneficial for AD [8]. Indeed, despite the action of APN as a risk factor in patients with AD, APN is protective against oxidative stress-in

• Although the role of mossy

  2023-10-25

  

  Although the role of mossy fiber sprouting in epileptogenesis has been challenged (Elmer et al., 1997, Nissinen et al., 2001), in addition to astrogliosis, mossy fiber sprouting is one of the characteristic histopathological findings in TLE (Kharatishvili et al., 2006, Pitkanen et al., 2007, Represa

• Renal Cell Carcinoma RCC is a lethal

  2023-10-24

  

  Renal Cell Carcinoma (RCC) is a lethal cancer with bad prognosis due to development of chemoresistance and recurrence of an aggressive tumor with increased tumor-angiogenesis and metastasis [7]. We have found Axl and Gas6 to be differentially presented in RCC subtypes, and Axl to correlate to tumor

• Various cardiovascular diseases show a high occurrence of au

  2023-10-24

  

  Various cardiovascular diseases show a high occurrence of autophagosomes. Whereas basal autophagy is required for the proper functioning of cardiomyocytes [82], the deletion of Atg5 gene in myocardium shows a high risk of cardiomyopathy [83]. Hamacher et al. observed that an upregulation of Bnip3, a

• A contribution of V ATPase subunits

  2023-10-24

  

  A contribution of V-ATPase subunits specifically to phagosome-lysosome fusion was uncovered by Peri and Nüsslein-Volhard who described that depletion of the VO subunit a1 in zebrafish interferes with phagosome maturation in microglial ZD 7288 receptor (Peri and Nusslein-Volhard, 2008). However, los

• Recently AFF was used to convert an FN

  2023-10-24

  

  Recently, AFF was used to convert an FN3-based binder specific to the Src homology 2 (SH2) domain of cAbl kinase into an allosterically regulated, intermolecular fluorescent switch (Figure 2D). Binding to cAbl kinase co-operatively stabilized the assembly of the FN3-based binder from two partial fra

• The fact that Yoda can

  2023-10-24

  

  The fact that Yoda1 can activate Piezo1 in the absence of other cellular components other than a cell membrane [2], suggests that it may directly interact with and activate Piezo1. However, this does not preclude Yoda1 from interacting and activating non-Piezo channels, particularly in endothelial c

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